Philosophy has been to discuss the issues (2): materialVSmind
In art works, the existence of the soul has always been paramount, it carries our personality, memory, consciousness and other psychological state, it is considered immaterial, but long on behalf of our spiritual existence.
On understanding the relationship between mind and matter are three theoretical schools: mind-matter dualism, idealism, materialism.
Dualism that mind and matter are two different exist, spiritualism and materialism that the other side were not really exist, but their effect is dependent on its own.
Beginning of contact, most of us accept dualism, the existence of material no doubt, but awareness and substance are different but there are, after all, we have our own unique personality, way of thinking, is the sense of us different, equally is also important.
This issue came up, consciousness and matter are independent existence, but they also have relevance, then how they interact it?
For this issue, many mathematicians are interested.
Descartes that themind is a kind of existence can be independent, do not occupy the space of non-physical entity, he thinks heart Wu can be directly generated Xianghuzuoyong location was the pineal gland in the brain li, this time,人were not acceptable toa completely non-physicalmindcan cause the effect on the body as a physical object.
The harmony of Leibniz carefully synchronized object to answer this question, he advocated:list(nature spirit)is isolated, closed, independently of each other, and do not function, but because God first arrangement, the whole world Chanyu in the development process is coordinated,material list only the external manifestations.
This is a bit complicated, I was so understanding: the you that they feel the consciousness is not accidental, they already Bei default, while the material is a spiritual substance external Ye Jiu Shi Biao Xian (sort of like code means) that Zhibu Guo In accordance with certain procedures that showed (that is, you feel), harmony and unity, the interaction between mind and matter is completed.
Still have enough trouble, we also sent on the principle of universal use of the razor, and to explain the existence of mind that a lot of what list, not as the consciousness asa kind of observable physical properties, such mind and matter is not fundamentally different nature of the entity, which can reasonably explain the interaction between mind and matter the problem, not into how non-physical properties can affect the physical properties of the confusion.
With the development of modern medicine, people know that the human brain was damaged, memory, personality and so may change, so to more materialist theory prevailed.
This concerned, in particular the existence of consciousness is not material but the role of human consciousness is not unique, then the previously mentioned gas chambers in the cat problem and how should we understand?
Computers can also be woven conscious, will not affect the experimental observations?
Will not one day, robots can be strong enough to have a sense out of human control?
Tips: Descartes is the man that "I think therefore I am" the philosopher and mathematician, he is a typical dualist, but he acknowledged the existence of the soul, it can be said that he is an idealist, but not with this words, because this sentence is epistemological not ontological category.
Also, I do not know how to understand, "I think therefore I am", that is, if that is "I think therefore I am" then on the very superficial understanding of.
He believes that should "doubt everything" perspective, we can be doubt in the world outside, can self-doubt, the object of suspicion of thought, but that is not right, "I suspect that" this matter should be suspected.
"I think therefore I am" is the starting point of Cartesian philosophy, where "I" would be thought of mind, thus, he proved the existence of soul.
Explained up as:"When I doubt the existence of all things, I have no doubt my own thinking, because the only sure thing at this time I was thinking of my own existence".
Reference: "graphic Philosophy"
Reference URL:http://www.philosophy.org.cn/Subject_info.aspx?n=20090730104534590863
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